Background Variation in snake venoms is well documented, both between and within
species, with intraspecific venom variation often correlated with geographically distinct …

Snake venoms harbor a wide and diverse array of enzymatic and nonenzymatic toxic
components, allowing them to exert myriad effects on their prey. However, they appear to …

Background The rapid development of sequencing technologies resulted in a wide
expansion of genomics studies using venomous lineages. This facilitated research focusing …

Understanding the joint roles of protein sequence variation and differential expression
during adaptive evolution is a fundamental, yet largely unrealized goal of evolutionary …

Snake venoms are complex mixtures of toxic proteins that hold significant medical,
pharmacological and evolutionary interest. To better understand the genetic diversity …

Venomous organisms have independently evolved the ability to produce toxins 101 times
during their evolutionary history, resulting in over 200 000 venomous species. Collectively …

Interspecific differences in snake venom compositions can result from distinct regulatory
mechanisms acting in each species. However, comparative analyses focusing on identifying …

Snake venom can vary both among and within species. While some groups of New World
pitvipers—such as rattlesnakes—have been well studied, very little is known about the …

Kunitz-type peptide expression has been described in the venom of snakes of the Viperidae,
Elapidae and Colubridae families. This work aimed to identify these peptides in the venom …

Intraspecific phenotypic variation can be used as a window into the ecological differences
among individuals of a species and lead to a better understanding of adaptive evolution …