Filamentous growth is a nutrient-regulated growth response that occurs in many fungal
species. In pathogens, filamentous growth is critical for host–cell attachment, invasion into …

Eukaryotic cells are exquisitely responsive to external and internal cues, achieving precise
control of seemingly diverse growth processes through a complex interplay of regulatory …

The Snf1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family plays fundamental roles in cellular
responses to metabolic stress in eukaryotes. In humans, AMPK regulates lipid and glucose …

Signaling mucins are cell adhesion molecules that activate RAS/RHO guanosine
triphosphatases and their effector mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. We …

Ubiquitin is a small modifier protein that is conjugated to substrates to target them for
degradation. Recently, a surprising number of ubiquitin-like proteins have been identified …

A central question in the area of signal transduction is why pathways utilize common
components. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the HOG and filamentous …

In the budding yeast S. cerevisiae, nutrient limitation induces a MAPK pathway that
regulates filamentous growth and biofilm/mat formation. How nutrient levels feed into the …

The Snf1 protein kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to have a role in
regulating haploid invasive growth in response to glucose depletion. Cells contain three …

ABSTRACT A common property of G protein-coupled receptors is that they become less
responsive with prolonged stimulation. Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS proteins) are …

Evolutionarily conserved mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways regulate the
response to stress as well as cell differentiation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, growth in non …