The past decade has witnessed exponentially growing interest in the lateral habenula (LHb)
owing to new discoveries relating to its critical role in regulating negatively motivated …

The brain reward circuit has a central role in reinforcing behaviors that are rewarding and
preventing behaviors that lead to punishment. Recent work has shown that the lateral …

The ventral pallidum (VP) plays a critical role in the processing and execution of motivated
behaviors. Yet this brain region is often overlooked in published discussions of the …

The lateral habenula (LHb) has recently emerged as a key brain region in the
pathophysiology of depression. However, the molecular mechanism by which LHb becomes …

Depression is a common cause of mortality and morbidity, but the biological bases of the
deficits in emotional and cognitive processing remain incompletely understood. Current …

Since their discovery in the mammalian brain, it has been apparent that serotonin (5-HT)
and dopamine (DA) interactions play a key role in normal and abnormal behavior …

The tail of the ventral tegmental area (tVTA), also named the rostromedial tegmental nucleus
(RMTg), is a recently defined midbrain structure considered to exert a major inhibitory drive …

The lateral habenula (LHb) is an epithalamic brain structure critical for processing and
adapting to negative action outcomes. However, despite the importance of LHb to behavior …

A new mesopontine structure exerting a strong influence on dopamine systems has recently
been defined: the tail of the ventral tegmental area/rostromedial tegmental nucleus …

The Parental Brain: Mechanisms, Development, and Evolution presents a comprehensive
analysis of how the brain regulates parental behavior in nonhuman animals and in humans …