The microbiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE)
have changed significantly since the Duke Criteria were published in 1994 and modified in …

In many natural and clinical settings, bacteria are associated with some type of biotic or
abiotic surface that enables them to form biofilms, a multicellular lifestyle with bacteria …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
extensive review was conducted on literature published through March 1, 2020. Searches …

Aim This executive summary of the valvular heart disease guideline provides
recommendations for clinicians to diagnose and manage valvular heart disease as well as …

Staphylococcus aureus, a major human pathogen, has a collection of virulence factors and
the ability to acquire resistance to most antibiotics. This ability is further augmented by …

Background—Infective endocarditis is a potentially lethal disease that has undergone major
changes in both host and pathogen. The epidemiology of infective endocarditis has become …

Infective endocarditis is defined by a focus of infection within the heart and is a feared
disease across the field of cardiology. It is frequently acquired in the health care setting, and …

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical
infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as …

Importance Infective endocarditis occurs in approximately 15 of 100 000 people in the
United States and has increased in incidence. Clinicians must make treatment decisions …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
extensive review was conducted on literature published through November 2012, and other …