Multiple lines of evidence indicate that androgens, such as testosterone, modulate the
mesocorticolimbic system and executive function. This review integrates neuroanatomical …

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a chronic, progressive course. The etiology
of this condition is linked to the interactions of multiple genes and environmental factors. The …

Background The role of sex hormones on cellular function is unclear. Studies show
androgens and estrogens are protective in the CNS, whereas other studies found no effects …

A primary goal of the field of behavioral neuroendocrinology is to understand how the brain
modulates complex behavior. Over the last 20 years we have proposed various brain …

Steroids are secreted by the gonads and adrenal glands into the blood to modulate
neurophysiology and behaviour. In addition, the brain can metabolise circulating steroids …

The mesocorticolimbic system coordinates executive functions, such as working memory
and behavioral flexibility. This circuit includes dopaminergic projections from the ventral …

Steroids play a crucial role in modulating brain and behavior. While traditionally it is thought
that the brain is a target of sex steroids produced in endocrine glands (eg gonads), the brain …

Psychiatric diseases characterized by dysregulated risky decision making are differentially
represented in males and females. The factors that govern such sex differences, however …

Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with
physiologic, cognitive, and brain abnormalities similar to those found in people at risk for …

The brain is a steroidogenic tissue. It expresses key molecules involved in the synthesis and
metabolism of neuroactive steroids, such as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (St AR) …