Crowdfunding and micro-donations for funding political campaigns have been extensively
studied, especially in the US. However, digital participatory financing in Europe, with a …

Social movements (SMs) protesting against the consequences of the austerity produced by
the 2008 great recession leveraged collective participation as a paradigmatic way of …

The digitalization of human life has impacted many aspects of politics in the last two
decades. Intra-party decision-making is one of them. While new political parties appear to be …

Despite the increase in citizens' use of absentee voting and examples from other countries,
so far Germany remains aloof to the idea of introducing electronic voting as another form of …

Abstract Between 2013 and 2021, the Italian Five Star Movement implemented an advanced
tool, Lex Eletti, to enhance citizens' online participation in law‐making. Elected …

We examine the digital party model using the Czech Pirates as a case study. The party was
initially organised through an online platform and characterised by ad-hoc, informal decision …

Political parties as unique political organizations struggle with diverse challenges in digital
times. Digital transformation requires them to rethink and adjust their internal organization …

An increasing number of comparative case studies explore the drivers and impacts of digital
technologies on political parties (Bennet et al., 2018. The democratic interface: Technology …

Two regional elections were held in 2022, marking the start of a new electoral phase in
Spain. The first election was held in February in Castilla y León, where the right-wing VOX …

The scholarship on party digitalization discusses why, how and with what consequences
parties use digitalization. Such a detailed account of the supply side contrasts sharply with …