The environmental risks of neonicotinoid pesticides: a review of the evidence post 2013

TJ Wood, D Goulson - Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017 - Springer
Neonicotinoid pesticides were first introduced in the mid-1990s, and since then, their use
has grown rapidly. They are now the most widely used class of insecticides in the world, with …

Global trends in bumble bee health

SA Cameron, BM Sadd - Annual review of entomology, 2020 - annualreviews.org
Bumble bees (Bombus) are unusually important pollinators, with approximately 260 wild
species native to all biogeographic regions except sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, and New …

Seed coating with a neonicotinoid insecticide negatively affects wild bees

M Rundlöf, GKS Andersson, R Bommarco, I Fries… - Nature, 2015 - nature.com
Understanding the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on bees is vital because of reported
declines in bee diversity and distribution,, and the crucial role bees have as pollinators in …

Widespread contamination of wildflower and bee-collected pollen with complex mixtures of neonicotinoids and fungicides commonly applied to crops

A David, C Botías, A Abdul-Sada, E Nicholls… - Environment …, 2016 - Elsevier
There is considerable and ongoing debate as to the harm inflicted on bees by exposure to
agricultural pesticides. In part, the lack of consensus reflects a shortage of information on …

Neonicotinoid insecticides and their impacts on bees: a systematic review of research approaches and identification of knowledge gaps

O Lundin, M Rundlöf, HG Smith, I Fries, R Bommarco - PLoS one, 2015 - journals.plos.org
It has been suggested that the widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides threatens bees,
but research on this topic has been surrounded by controversy. In order to synthesize which …

Synergistic mortality between a neonicotinoid insecticide and an ergosterol‐biosynthesis‐inhibiting fungicide in three bee species

F Sgolastra, P Medrzycki, L Bortolotti… - Pest Management …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
BACKGROUND Neonicotinoid insecticides have been identified as an important factor
contributing to bee diversity declines. Nonetheless, uncertainties remain about their impact …

Risks of neonicotinoid insecticides to honeybees

A Fairbrother, J Purdy, T Anderson… - … toxicology and chemistry, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract The European honeybee, Apis mellifera, is an important pollinator of agricultural
crops. Since 2006, when unexpectedly high colony losses were first reported, articles have …

Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects

M Calvo-Agudo, J González-Cabrera… - Proceedings of the …, 2019 - National Acad Sciences
Pest control in agriculture is mainly based on the application of insecticides, which may
impact nontarget beneficial organisms leading to undesirable ecological effects …

Quantifying the impact of pesticides on learning and memory in bees

H Siviter, J Koricheva, MJF Brown… - Journal of Applied …, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
Most insecticides are insect neurotoxins. Evidence is emerging that sublethal doses of these
neurotoxins are affecting the learning and memory of both wild and managed bee colonies …

Bumblebee learning and memory is impaired by chronic exposure to a neonicotinoid pesticide

DA Stanley, KE Smith, NE Raine - Scientific reports, 2015 - nature.com
Bumblebees are exposed to pesticides applied for crop protection while foraging on treated
plants, with increasing evidence suggesting that this sublethal exposure has implications for …