Higher-order interactions (HOIs) are ubiquitous in real-world complex systems and
applications. Investigation of deep learning for HOIs, thus, has become a valuable agenda …

To better handle real-world uncertainty, concepts such as fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets,
rough sets, and soft sets have been introduced. For example, neutrosophic sets, which …

Hypergraphs extend traditional graphs by allowing edges to connect multiple nodes, while
superhypergraphs further generalize this concept to represent even more complex …

In graph theory, the hypergraph [22] extends the traditional graph structure by allowing
edges toconnect multiple vertices, and this concept is further broadened by the …

This paper investigates the properties of tree-width and related graph width parameters for
nSuperHyperGraphs, a broader generalization of hypergraphs. By exploring concepts such …

Graph theory is a fundamental branch of mathematics that studies networks consisting of
nodes (vertices) and their connections (edges). Extensive research has been conducted on …

As many readers may know, graph theory is a fundamental branch of mathematics that
explores networks made up of nodes and edges, focusing on their paths, structures, and …

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, focuses on studying graphs that model relationships
between objects through vertices and edges [29]. The Turiyam Neutrosophic Graph handles …

Graph characteristics are often studied through various parameters, with ongoing research
dedicated to exploring these aspects. Among these, graph width parameters—such as …

Graph characteristics are frequently examined using a variety of parameters, with ongoing
research focused on exploring these aspects. A fuzzy graph is a mathematical model in …