Infectious diseases dynamics are affected by both spatial and temporal heterogeneity in
their environments. Our ability to quantify and predict how this heterogeneity impacts risks of …

Predicting viral emergence is difficult due to the stochastic nature of the underlying
processes and the many factors that govern pathogen evolution. Environmental factors …

V. vulnificus is one of the deadliest waterborne pathogens, yet little is known of the
ecological and environmental forces that drive outbreaks. As a nationally notifiable disease …

It is assumed that host genetic variability for susceptibility to infection conditions virus
evolution. Differences in host susceptibility can drive a virus to diversify into strains that track …

Chytridiomycosis, a primary disease driving widespread and unprecedented amphibian
declines, is caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Tracking …

Intensified land use can disturb water quality, potentially increasing the abundance of
bacterial pathogens, threatening public access to clean water. This threat involves both …

Sodium hypochlorite was widely used as a supplementary disinfectant in reclaimed water
(RW) production during the COVID-19 epidemic. It is well known that the chlorination of RW …

All higher eukaryotes have established symbiotic relationships with diverse microorganisms.
One of the most well-characterized symbiotic systems is that of termites and their intestinal …

In 2018, Vagococcus salmoninarum was isolated from two lots of broodstock “coaster” brook
trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) containing~ 1,500 fish at the Iron River National Fish Hatchery, at …

Anthrax, an acute disease of homeotherms caused by soil-borne Bacillus anthracis is
implicated in dramatic declines in wildlife mainly in sub-Saharan Africa. Anthrax outbreaks …