Investigation of factors influencing submarining mitigation with child booster seats

J Forman, M Miller, D Perez-Rapela… - Traffic injury …, 2023 - Taylor & Francis
Objective Automobile booster seats are intended to improve belt fit for children that are too
large for a harness-style child restraint, but not yet big enough to fit properly in an adult seat …

Evaluation of static belt fit and belt torso contact for children on belt-positioning booster seats

GH Baker, JA Mansfield, RL Hunter… - Traffic Injury …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Objective: Previous studies have indicated that gap between the seatbelt and torso (reduced
belt torso contact) for children on belt-positioning booster seats (BPBs) may lead to less …

The influence of a booster seat on the motion of the reclined small female anthropomorphic test device in low-acceleration far-side lateral oblique impacts

V Graci, J Burns, A Duong… - Journal of …, 2024 - asmedigitalcollection.asme.org
Belt-positioning booster (BPB) seats may prevent submarining in reclined child occupants in
frontal impacts [1, 2]. BPB-seated child volunteers showed reduced lateral displacement in …

A naturalistic study of passenger seating position, posture, and restraint use in second-row seats

MP Reed, SM Ebert, MLH Jones… - Traffic injury …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
Objective The objective of the current study was to increase scientific understanding of rear-
seat passenger seating position, postures, CRS use, and belt use through a naturalistic …

Booster cushion design effects on child occupant kinematics and loading assessed using the PIPER 6-year-old HBM and the Q10 ATD in frontal impacts

K Bohman, J Östh, L Jakobsson, I Stockman… - Traffic injury …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
Objective Our objective was to study the effect on child occupant kinematics and loading by
differences in booster cushion designs and attachment in a frontal impact. Methods Three …

[PDF][PDF] Comparison of Child and ATD Static Belt Fit and Belt Torso Contact on Belt-Positioning Booster Seats

GH Baker, JA Mansfield, RL Hunter… - Proceedings of the IRCOBI …, 2021 - ircobi.org
Shoulder and lap belt scores have been previously quantified for anthropomorphic test
devices on belt-positioning booster seats; however, they may not fully discriminate between …

Comparison of child and ATD belt fit and posture on belt-positioning boosters during self-selected, holding device, and nominal conditions

GH Baker, K Bohman, JA Mansfield… - Accident Analysis & …, 2023 - Elsevier
Objective Pediatric anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) are important tools for the
assessment of child occupant protection and should represent realistic child belt fit and …

[PDF][PDF] Comparison of Self-Selected, Holding Device, and Nominal Conditions on the Belt Fit and Posture of Children on Belt-Positioning Boosters

GH Baker, K Bohman, JA Mansfield… - … Research Council on …, 2023 - ircobi.org
Children assume a range of postures when utilising belt-positioning boosters, which may
influence belt fit and have implications for dynamic performance. This study evaluates the …

[PDF][PDF] A methodology for large-scale parametric evaluation of child booster seats

M Miller, D Perez-Rapela, B Gepner… - Proceedings of the …, 2021 - researchgate.net
Child booster seats vary in size, shape and material, and the effects of these parameters on
occupant response are not well understood. Large-scale computational studies are a means …

[PDF][PDF] Investigation of different methods of improving the assessment of booster seats in light of dummy and sensor capabilities

C Visvikis, C Thurn, T Müller - Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, 2020 - researchgate.net
Q-Series dummies, with Abdominal Pressure Twin Sensors, have shown limited ability to
discriminate differences in booster seats. This study investigated whether alternative static …