Many animal cells assemble single cilia involved in motile and/or sensory functions. In
contrast, multiciliated cells (MCCs) assemble up to 300 motile cilia that beat in a coordinate …

Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells and are key in sensing
extracellular signals and locally transducing this information into a cellular response. Recent …

WNT signaling is important in development, stem cell maintenance, and disease. WNT
ligands typically signal via receptor activation across the plasma membrane to induce β …

Cilia and Wnt signaling have a complex relationship, wherein Wnt regulates cilia and,
conversely, cilia may affect Wnt signaling. Recently, it was shown that Wnt receptors are …

Over the past years, the Xenopus embryo has emerged as an incredibly useful model
organism for studying the formation and function of cilia and ciliated epithelia in vivo. This …

The Xenopus embryonic epidermis is a powerful model to study mucociliary biology,
development, and disease. Particularly, the Xenopus system is being used to elucidate …

Multiciliated cells (MCCS) form bundles of cilia and their activities are essential for the
proper development and physiology of many organ systems. Not surprisingly, defects in …

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which target gastric H+/K+ ATPase (ATP4), are among the
most commonly prescribed drugs. PPIs are used to treat ulcers and as a preventative …

Motile cilia of multiciliated epithelial cells have important roles in animal development and
cell homeostasis. Although several studies have identified and reported proteins localized in …

Abstract Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) represent a highly conserved family of ion transporters
that regulate pH homeostasis. NHEs as well as other proton transporters were previously …