The advent of user-friendly instruments for measuring force/deflection curves of plant
surfaces at high spatial resolution has resulted in a recent outpouring of reports of the …

In plant tissues, cells are glued to each other by a pectic polysaccharide rich material known
as middle lamella (ML). Along with many biological functions, the ML plays a crucial role in …

How cell wall elasticity, plasticity, and time‐dependent extension (creep) relate to one
another, to plant cell wall structure and to cell growth remain unsettled topics. To examine …

Tissue bending is vital to plant development, as exemplified by apical hook formation during
seedling emergence by bending of the hypocotyl. How tissue bending is coordinated during …

How mechanical and biological processes are coordinated across cells, tissues, and organs
to produce complex traits is a key question in biology. Cardamine hirsuta, a relative of …

As the outermost layer of plants, the epidermis serves as a critical interface between plants
and the environment. During leaf development, the differentiation of specialized epidermal …

The Arabidopsis root offers good opportunities to investigate how regulated cellular growth
shapes different tissues and organs, a key question in developmental biology. Along the …

Plant cell deformations are driven by cell pressurization and mechanical constraints
imposed by the nanoscale architecture of the cell wall, but how these factors are controlled …

The ability to sense and respond to physical forces is critical for the proper function of cells,
tissues, and organisms across the evolutionary tree. Plants sense gravity, osmotic …

De-esterification of homogalacturonan (HG) is thought to stiffen pectin gels and primary cell
walls by increasing calcium cross-linking between HG chains. Contrary to this idea, recent …