The interindividual genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters
influence the efficacy and toxicity of numerous drugs. As a fundamental element in precision …

Part I of this article discussed the potential functional importance of genetic mutations and
alleles of the human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) gene. The impact of CYP2D6 …

Pharmacogenetics is the study of how interindividual variations in the DNA sequence of
specific genes affect drug response. This article highlights current pharmacogenetic …

The goals of the Association for Molecular Pathology Clinical Practice Committee's
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Working Group are to define the key attributes of …

CYP2D6 has received intense attention since the beginning of the pharmacogenetic era in
the 1970s. This is because of its involvement in the metabolism of more than 25% of the …

Drug lag, recently discussed extensively in Japan, can be divided into two phases: clinical
development time and application review time. The former factor is still an important problem …

Introduction: The frequency of CYP2D6 alleles, related to either a lack of or increased
enzymatic activity, which may lead to poor metabolism (PM) or ultrarapid metabolism (UM) …

The advent of high‐throughput technologies has proven valuable in the assessment of
genetic differences and their effects on drug activation, metabolism, disposition, and …

The current 'fixed-dosage strategy'approach to medicine, means there is much inter-
individual variation in drug response. Pharmacogenetics is the study of how inter-individual …

This review uses a candidate gene approach to identify possible pharmacogenetic
modulators of opioid therapy, and discusses these modulators together with demonstrated …