Radiotherapy (RT) is delivered for purposes of local control, but can also exert systemic
effect on remote and non-irradiated tumor deposits, which is called abscopal effect. The view …

To flourish, cancers greatly depend on their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME),
and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in TME are critical for cancer occurrence and …

Mesenchymal stem cells, also known as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), exist in many
tissues and are known to actively migrate to sites of tissue injury, where they participate in …

Cancer cell radioresistance is the primary cause of the decreased curability of non–small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC) observed in patients receiving definitive radiotherapy (RT) …

Many solid cancers display cellular hierarchies with self-renewing, tumorigenic stemlike
cells, or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) at the apex. Whereas CICs often exhibit relative …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumor
microenvironment that are involved in multiple aspects of cancer progression and …

Multiple lines of evidence are indicating that cancer development and malignant
progression are not exclusively epithelial cancer cell-autonomous processes but may also …

Tumor growth is not only dictated by events involving tumor cells, but also by the
environment they reside in, the so-called tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, cancer …

Background Radiotherapy is one of the most important therapeutic strategies for treating
cancer. For decades, studies concerning the outcomes of radiotherapy mainly focused on …

Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay in the management of rectal cancer, a tumor
characterized by desmoplastic stroma containing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) …