Plant growth and resilience require balancing an inherently oxidative metabolism with
powerful antioxidant systems that help maintain homeostasis. When the environment …

The CO 2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) represents an effective strategy for carbon
acquisition that enables microalgae to survive and proliferate when the CO 2 concentration …

Background Microbial inhabitants of soils are important to ecosystem and planetary
functions, yet there are large gaps in our knowledge of their diversity and ecology. The …

Plastid genes are transcribed by two types of RNA polymerase in angiosperms: the bacterial
type plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) and one (RPOTp in monocots) or two (RPOTp …

Background Mg is a macronutrient for plant growth. Mg deficiency has become an important
limiting factor in intensive agricultural production, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality …

Photosynthesis provides food, fibre and fuel that support our society; understanding the
mechanisms controlling dynamic changes in this process helps identify new options to …

Carbohydrates are direct products of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation. Within a changing
temperature regime, both photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism need tight …

Photosynthetically produced electrons provide energy for various metabolic pathways,
including carbon reduction. Four Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes and several other plastid …

A major challenge for biology is to extend our understanding of molecular regulation from
the simplified conditions of the laboratory to ecologically relevant environments. Tractable …

The key components of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)–nocturnal fixation of
atmospheric CO 2 and its processing via Rubisco in the subsequent light period–are now …