Neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy represent two major drug intervention
strategies for ischemic stroke. Multiple factors such as excitotoxicity, inflammation …

Microglia are brain resident macrophages originated from primitive progenitor cells in the
yolk sac. Microglia can be activated within hours and recruited to the lesion site …

Macrophages are important players in the fight against viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic
infections. From a resting state they may undertake two activation pathways, the classical …

Review on the time-dependent recruitment of inflammatory cells and unanswered questions
regarding inflammatory cells in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Inflammation plays …

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and currently lacks effective therapy enabling long-
term functional recovery. Ischemic brain injury causes local inflammation, which involves …

Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemic stroke is caused by blockage of
blood vessels in the brain leading to tissue death, while intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) …

Background and Purpose—Ischemic stroke leads to significant morbidity and mortality in the
Western world. Early reperfusion strategies remain the treatment of choice but can initiate …

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a particularly severe type of stroke for which
no specific treatment has been established yet. Although preclinical models of ICH have …

Lymphocyte recruitment and activation have been implicated in the progression of cerebral
ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the roles of specific lymphocyte subpopulations and …

Systemic and local inflammatory processes have a key, mainly detrimental role in the
pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Currently, little is known about endogenous …