Conspectus Biomembranes are ubiquitous lipid structures that delimit the cell surface and
organelles and operate as platforms for a multitude of biomolecular processes. The …

The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules,
subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties …

Biomembranes constitute a basis for all compartments of live cells, and therefore, the
monitoring of their lipid organization is essential for understanding cell status and activity …

During osmotic changes of their environment, cells actively regulate their volume and
plasma membrane tension that can passively change through osmosis. How tension and …

Conspectus Fluorescent environment-sensitive probes are specially designed dyes that
change their fluorescence intensity (fluorogenic dyes) or color (eg, solvatochromic dyes) in …

Cells and organelles are delimited by lipid bilayers in which high deformability is essential to
many cell processes, including motility, endocytosis and cell division. Membrane tension is …

Measuring forces inside cells is particularly challenging. With the development of
quantitative microscopy, fluorophores which allow the measurement of forces became highly …

The field of organic bioelectronics is advancing rapidly in the development of materials and
devices to precisely monitor and control biological signals. Electronics and biology can …

Flipper probes have been introduced as small molecule fluorophores to image physical
forces, that is, membrane tension in living systems. Their emergence over one decade is …

In this review, the multifunctionality of dithieno [3, 2-b: 2′, 3′-d] thiophenes (DTTs) is
covered comprehensively. This is of interest because all involved research is very recent …