The mesocorticolimbic pathway is canonically known as the" reward pathway." Embedded
within the center of this circuit is the striatum, a massive and complex network hub that …

Conditioned place preference (CPP) continues to be one of the most popular models to
study the motivational effects of drugs and non‐drug treatments in experimental animals …

Achieving effective pain management is one of the major challenges associated with
modern day medicine. Opioids, such as morphine, have been the reference treatment for …

Buprenorphine, an opioid with mixed agonist-antagonist activity at classical opioid
receptors, has been approved recently for the treatment of opioid dependency …

Decades of research advances have established a central role for endogenous opioid
systems in regulating reward processing, mood, motivation, learning and memory …

Abstract Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is a 17 amino acid peptide that was deorphanized
in 1995. The generation of specific agonists, antagonists and receptor deficient mice and …

Buprenorphine is an opioid that has a complex and unique pharmacology which provides
some advantages over other potent mu agonists. We review 12 reasons for considering …

This report of the proceedings of a symposium presented at the 2004 Research Society on
Alcoholism Meeting provides evidence linking stress during sobriety to craving that …