Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are systems containing engineered or natural miniature
tissues grown inside microfluidic chips. To better mimic human physiology, the chips are …

Current research into the role of engineered nanoparticles in drug delivery systems (DDSs)
for medical purposes has developed numerous fascinating nanocarriers. This paper reviews …

Cartilage degeneration is among the fundamental reasons behind disability and pain across
the globe. Numerous approaches have been employed to treat cartilage diseases …

It has been 15 years since the birth of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)
technology in 2007, and the scope of its application has been expanding. In addition to the …

Additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing, is a rapidly evolving technique that allows
for the fabrication of functional materials with complex architectures, controlled …

Organoids are in vitro self-assembling, organ-like, three-dimensional cellular structures that
stably retain key characteristics of the respective organs. Organoids can be generated from …

The liver is a key organ that plays a pivotal role in metabolism and ensures a variety of
functions in the body, including homeostasis, synthesis of essential components, nutrient …

Because intelligent hydrogels have good biocompatibility, a rapid response, and good
degradability as well as a stimulus response mode that is rich, hydrophilic, and similar to the …

The intestine is considered to be a vital digestive organ to absorb nutrients and is the largest
immune organ, while numerous microorganisms coexist with the host. It is well known that …

Microfluidics opened the possibility to model the physiological environment by controlling
fluids flows, and therefore nutrients supply. It allows to integrate external stimuli such as …