A schema refers to a structured body of prior knowledge that captures common patterns
across related experiences. Schemas have been studied separately in the realms of …

Down syndrome (DS) is associated with extreme difficulty in verbal skills and relatively better
visuo-spatial skills. Indeed, visuo-spatial ability is often considered a strength in DS …

Wayfinding is the process of embarking upon a purposeful, intentional, and self-regulated
journey that takes an individual from an intended region in one landscape to another. This …

How animals navigate over large-scale environments remains a riddle. Specifically, it is
debated whether animals have cognitive maps. The hallmark of map-based navigation is the …

Use of virtual reality (VR) technology is proliferating for designing and upgrading
entertainment devices, and creating virtual environments that could be used for research …

This chapter is a selective review of spatial development, stressing several points. First, we
suggest that spatial development can be usefully considered to have two strands:(a) the …

Advancements in extended reality (XR) have inspired new uses and users of advanced
visualization interfaces, transforming geospatial data visualization and consumption by …

This paper examines the potential of immersive virtual reality technology for design
education. A quasi-experimental study has been conducted with 40 students of different …

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of gender, age, level of education, and
ceiling height on cognitive processing and wayfinding, and to investigate these effects on …

Wayfinding is an issue in complex facilities—including hospitals, airports, and office
buildings—and wayfinding difficulties are associated with negative psychological and …