Altered tissue mechanics and metabolism are defining characteristics of cancer that impact
not only proliferation but also migration. While migrating through a mechanically and …

Acidic metabolic waste products accumulate in the tumor microenvironment because of high
metabolic activity and insufficient perfusion. In tumors, the acidity of the interstitial space and …

Tumorigenesis is dependent on the reprogramming of cellular metabolism as both direct
and indirect consequence of oncogenic mutations. A common feature of cancer cell …

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Metastasis
is mainly responsible for treatment failure and is the cause of most breast cancer deaths …

The pH in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment has played important roles in
cancer development and treatment. It was thought that both the extracellular and …

Acidic extracellular pH is a major feature of tumor tissue, extracellular acidification being
primarily considered to be due to lactate secretion from anaerobic glycolysis …

Anticancer nanomedicines have been proven effective in mitigating the side effects of
chemotherapeutic drugs. However, challenges remain in augmenting their therapeutic …

The pH of solid tumors is acidic due to increased fermentative metabolism and poor
perfusion. It has been hypothesized that acid pH promotes local invasive growth and …

The conversion of cells with an epithelial phenotype into cells with a mesenchymal
phenotype, referred to as epithelial–mesenchymal transition, is a critical process for …

Cancer therapy has long relied on the rapid proliferation of tumour cells for effective
treatment. However, the lack of specificity in this approach often leads to undesirable side …