Over the past 22 years, our world has increasingly become interconnected, revolutionizing
how information is shared and how people interact with one another. But even with this kind …

The exponential growth of e-commerce has necessitated the adoption of robust, scalable,
and secure database technologies. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of three …

The blockchain is a distributed storage system of digital assets. This decentralized, non‐
copyable technology stems from universal standard password algorithm and the consensus …

Utilizing the vast amounts of data acquired by sensor networks set up in various businesses
is the foundation of smart supply chain services. When it comes to exchanging data, Sensing …

In recent years, the concept of a “smart city” has emerged as a new approach to providing
high-quality amenities to city residents by dynamically optimizing resource use. Convenient …

Objectives: In blockchain, mining is essential for verifying and adding transactions to the
chain. Transaction approval time is increasing due to the mining process's limited capacity …

In recent years, blockchain performance plays a major role in many applications. Blockchain
maintains a public ledger which contains the authenticated transactions, and also, the …

In recent years, blockchain performance plays a major role in many applications. Blockchain
maintains a public ledger which contains the authenticated transactions, and also, the …