Teleost fish possess an adaptive immune system associated with each of their mucosal
body surfaces. Evidence obtained from mucosal vaccination and mucosal infection studies …

The innate system's recognition of non-self and danger signals is mediated by a limited
number of germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen …

The innate immune system constitutes an efficient defense against invading microbial
pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) eventually alert vertebrates about the presence of …

The increasing economic importance of fish parasitoses for aquaculture and fisheries has
enhanced the interest in the defence mechanisms against these infections. Both innate and …

Toll like receptors (TLRs) are present in many different fish families from several different
orders, including cyprinid, salmonid, perciform, pleuronectiform and gadiform …

Arachidonic acid (ARA) plays important roles in regulating lipid metabolism, biological
processes and immune response. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of ARA on lipid …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the key components of innate immunity. Among various
types of TLRs, TLR5 is involved in recognizing bacterial flagellin and after binding, it triggers …

The two Toll-like receptors, TLR1 and TLR2 were cloned from orange-spotted grouper,
Epinephelus coioides, an important teleost fish in mariculture of Asia. The cDNA sequences …

Background Massive mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat in
various countries have been associated with the detection of a herpesvirus called ostreid …

The objective of the present research was to assess the influence of inositol
supplementation on growth performance, histological morphology of liver, immunity and …