The lungs are important organs that play a critical role in the development of specific
diseases, as well as responding to the effects of drugs, chemicals, and environmental …

Animal experiments are highly relevant models for the assessment of toxicological effects of
engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), due to lack of biomonitoring and epidemiological …

The production and use of nanomaterials (NMs) has increased over the last decades posing
relevant questions on their risk after release and exposure of the population or sub …

In the recent past, nanoparticles (NPs) have gained the attention of researchers in diverse
fields, including chemistry, physics, agriculture, environmental engineering, biological …

As part of the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs), numerous in vitro
methods are being developed to characterize the potential toxicity of inhalable xenobiotics …

Studies on in vitro-in vivo correlations of inflammatory and genotoxic responses are needed
to advance new approach methodologies. Here, we assessed pro-inflammatory and …

Air liquid interface (ALI) exposure systems are gaining interest, and studies suggest
enhanced response of lung cells exposed to particles at ALI as compared to submerged …

In this study, a 96‐well exposure system for safety assessment of nanomaterials is
developed and characterized using an air–liquid interface lung epithelial model. This system …

The majority of in vitro studies focusing upon particle–lung cell interactions use static models
at an air–liquid interface (ALI). Advancing the physiological characteristics of such systems …

Annually, an estimated seven million deaths are linked to exposure to airborne pollutants.
Despite extensive epidemiological evidence supporting clear associations between poor air …