Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered much interest in the cell biology and biomedical
research fields. Many studies have reported the existence of EVs in all types of living cells …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a central mechanism of cell–cell communication. While
EVs are found in most organisms, their pathogenesis-promoting roles in parasites are of …

Recently, the interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by pathogens like bacteria,
fungi, and parasites has rapidly increased. Many of these pathogens actively modulate the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of membrane vesicles that play important roles in
cell-to-cell and interspecies/interkingdom communications by modulating the …

Parasites are responsible for the most neglected tropical diseases, affecting over a billion
people worldwide (WHO, 2015) and accounting for billions of cases a year and responsible …

Giardia intestinalis is a microaerophilic protozoan that is an important etiologic agent of
diarrhea worldwide. There is evidence that under diverse conditions, the parasite is capable …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) of protozoan parasites have diverse biological functions that are
essential for parasite survival and host–parasite interactions. In this study, we characterized …

The study of host–pathogen interactions has increased considerably in recent decades. This
intercellular communication has been mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play an …

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures that are
formed during pathophysiology, host-parasite interactions and parasite motility. Typically …

The anaerobic or microaerophilic protozoan parasites such as the enteric human pathogens
Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Blastocystis hominis …