Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes and remains the leading cause of
blindness among the working-age population. For decades, diabetic retinopathy was …

Müller cells are one of the primary glial cell types found in the retina and play a significant
role in maintaining retinal function and health. Since Müller cells are the only cell type to …

Retinal endothelial cells (RECs) are the primary target cells for diabetes-induced vascular
damage. The P2X7/NLRP3 pathway plays an essential role in amplifying inflammation via …

Vascular aging, a determinant factor for cardiovascular disease and health status in the
elderly, is now viewed as a modifiable risk factor. Impaired endothelial vasodilation is a early …

Diabetes causes a number of metabolic and physiologic abnormalities in the retina, but
which of these abnormalities contribute to recognized features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prevalent microvascular complications of
diabetes and one of the most frequent causes of blindness in active age. Etiopathogenesis …

Given their essential function in aerobic metabolism, mitochondria are intuitively of interest
in regard to the pathophysiology of diabetes. Qualitative, quantitative, and functional …

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is significantly increased in the older population.
Risk factors and predictors of future cardiovascular events such as hypertension …

The most striking features of diabetic retinopathy are the vascular abnormalities that are
apparent by fundus examination. There is also strong evidence that diabetes causes …

Cellular apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia occurs in many vascular cells and is crucial for
the initiation of diabetic pathologies. In the retina, pericyte apoptosis and the formation of …