Nrf2 and its endogenous inhibitor, Keap1, function as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved
intracellular defense mechanism to counteract oxidative stress. Sequestered by cytoplasmic …

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive
metabolites or [reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and their elimination by through protective …

The primary aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the effects of acute
exercise and regular exercise on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity and …

Background and Objectives: Androgens play a significant role in the development of male
reproductive organs. The clinical use of synthetic testosterone derivatives, such as …

Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with
physiologic, cognitive, and brain abnormalities similar to those found in people at risk for …

The high-fat diet (HFD) promotes obesity and develops inflammation, causing dysregulation
of energy metabolism and prostatic neoplastic tissue changes. PPARɑ deletion leads to loss …

The illicit abuse of anabolic steroids is associated with brutal aggression, which represents a
serious health hazard and social threat. Boldenone is commonly used for doping by athletes …

Background and purpose: Obesity leads to a variety of metabolic changes that may
contribute to abnormalities in the structure and function of the heart. The aim of this study …

Background and Objectives: Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is the most widely used among
the anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), synthetic substances derived from testosterone, to …

Background & objectives: The increased incidence of metabolic diseases (eg, diabetes and
obesity) has seriously affected human health and life safety worldwide. It is of great …