Simple Summary Research has shown that an animal's welfare is highly dependent on how
various individual animal factors (eg, species traits, genetics, temperament and previous …

Animal welfare is a priority across accredited zoological institutions; however, historically,
research has been prioritized for mammals. Bird-focused studies accounted for less than …

Visitors are normally a prominent and constant feature in a zoo animals' environment with
more than 700 million people visiting zoos and aquariums worldwide, annually. Animal …

Simple Summary Some studies on zoo penguins have shown that the presence of visitors
may be fear-provoking. To manage zoo visitor–animal interactions, it is important to …

Simple Summary Penguins are a common zoo-housed species and have been shown to
display behaviours indicative of fear such as huddling, vigilance and avoidance towards zoo …

Investigations into the effect of the captive environment on zoo and aquarium-housed
animals is now a well-established area of research, yet little attention is given to the effect of …

Penguins, like most birds, are considered monomorphic species. Cloacal endoscopy,
laparoscopy, or molecular sex verification are used to determine sex in such animals. Our …

The African penguin is a nesting seabird endemic to southern Africa. In penguins of the
genus Spheniscus vocalisations are important for social recognition. However, it is not clear …

The behaviour of zoo visitors towards captive animals is a largely under-studied area of
research. Evidence is beginning to emerge that certain behaviours by visitors like shouting …

Studies on how visitors affect penguins in human care report a mixture of negative, neutral,
and positive impacts on behavior and physiology. Swimming is a highly motivated behavior …