Constraining the core's composition is essential for understanding Earth accretion, core
formation and the sustainment of Earth's magnetic field. Earth's outer and inner core exhibit …

A hidden carbon cycle exists inside Earth. Every year, megatons of carbon disappear into
subduction zones, affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen over Earth's history …

The Hadean eon, following the global-scale melting of the mantle,–, is expected to be a
dynamic period, during which Earth experienced vastly different conditions. Geologic …

The isotopic compositions of terrestrial hydrogen and nitrogen are clearly different from
those of the nebular gas from which the solar system formed, and also differ from most of …

Carbon geochemistry of mantle-derived samples suggests that the fluxes and reservoir sizes
associated with deep cycle are in the order of 1012–13gC/yr and 1022–23g C, respectively …

Volatile elements (water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, and noble gases) played an
essential role in the secular evolution of the solid Earth and emergence of life. Here we …

Earth is unique among the terrestrial planets in our solar system in having a fluid envelope
that fosters life. The secrets behind Earth's habitable climate are well-tuned cycles of carbon …

The continental lithosphere is a vast store for carbon. The carbon has been added and
reactivated by episodic freezing and re-melting throughout geological history. Carbon …

Nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and sulfur are essential elements for life and comprise about 1%
of terrestrial planet masses. These elements dominate planetary surfaces due to their …

The bulk Earth composition contains probably less than 0.3% of water, but this trace amount
of water can affect the long-term evolution of the Earth in a number of different ways. The …