Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

Glutamate is the most abundant free amino acid in the brain and is at the crossroad between
multiple metabolic pathways. Considering this, it was a surprise to discover that glutamate …

Brain tissue has a remarkable ability to accumulate glutamate. This ability is due to
glutamate transporter proteins present in the plasma membranes of both glial cells and …

The mammalian genome contains four genes encoding GABA transporters (GAT1, slc6a1;
GAT2, slc6a13; GAT3, slc6a11; BGT1, slc6a12) and five glutamate transporter genes …

Astroglial cells were long considered as structural and metabolic supporting cells are which
do not directly participate in information processing in the brain. Discoveries of …

Recent research has changed the perception of glia from being no more than silent
supportive cells of neurons to being dynamic partners participating in brain metabolism and …

The progression of glioblastomas is associated with a variety of neurological impairments,
such as tumor-related epileptic seizures. Seizures are not only a common comorbidity of …

Glutamate acts on postsynaptic glutamate receptors to mediate excitatory communication
between neurons. The discovery that additional presynaptic glutamate receptors can …

Chemical transmission between neurons and glial cells is an important element of
integration in the CNS. Here, we describe currents activated by NMDA in cortical astrocytes …

The amino acid L-Glutamate acts as the most ubiquitous mediator of excitatory synaptic
transmission in the central nervous system. Glutamatergic transmission is central for diverse …