Terahertz (THz) radiation encompasses a wide spectral range within the electromagnetic
spectrum that extends from microwaves to the far infrared (100 GHz–∼ 30 THz). Within its …

One of the most fundamental quantum states of light is the squeezed vacuum, in which noise
in one of the quadratures is less than the standard quantum noise limit. In nanophotonics, it …

Quantum mechanics ascribes to the ground state of the electromagnetic radiation zero-point
electric field fluctuations that permeate empty space at all frequencies. No energy can be …

According to quantum field theory, empty space—the ground state with all real excitations
removed—is not empty, but filled with quantum-vacuum fluctuations. Their presence can …

In many states of the quantum electromagnetic field, including the vacuum state,
entanglement exists between different space-time regions—even spacelike separated ones …

We demonstrate time-domain sampling of mid-infrared electric field transients and their
conjugate counterparts exploiting the dynamical Pockels effect. To this end, the complete …

We provide an in-depth discussion of a theoretical framework recently introduced [Lindel,
Phys. Rev. A 102, 041701 (R)(2020) 2469-9926 10.1103/PhysRevA. 102.041701] which is …

A new theoretical framework to describe the experimental advances in electro-optic
detection of broadband quantum states, specifically the quantum vacuum, is devised. Electro …

Following recent progress in the experimental application of electro-optic sampling to the
detection of the quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic-field ground state and …

Recent progress in electro-optic sampling has allowed direct access to the fluctuations of the
electromagnetic ground state. Here, we present a theoretical formalism that allows for an in …