The study of animal emotion, as with its human equivalent, can be confusing due to the
complicated and inconsistent use of terminology, and the number of interlinked fields and …

Judgment bias tasks (JBTs) are considered as a family of promising tools in the assessment
of emotional states of animals. JBTs provide a cognitive measure of optimism and/or …

We argue that there is currently an under-reporting of the ways in which pain can be
associated with problem behavior, which is seriously limiting the recognition of this welfare …

The scientific study of animal affect (emotion) is an area of growing interest. Whilst research
on mechanism and causation has predominated, the study of function is less advanced. This …

Current animal welfare protocols focus on demonstrating the absence (or at least low levels)
of indicators of poor welfare, potentially creating a mismatch between what is expected by …

Robust methods to assess nonhuman animal emotion are essential for ensuring good
welfare in captivity. Cognitive bias measures such as the judgment bias task have recently …

Negative emotional states in humans are associated with a negative (pessimistic) response
bias towards ambiguous cues in judgement tasks. Every mammalian young is eventually …

The practice of keeping dairy cows with their calves continues to gain interest. Cow-calf
contact, or lack thereof, is expected to affect emotional states, but this requires empirical …

Affective states, which refer to feelings or emotions, are a key component of animal welfare,
but these are also difficult to assess. Drawing upon a body of theoretical and applied work …

The development of accurate measures of animal emotions is important for improving and
promoting animal welfare. Cognitive bias indicates the effect of emotional states on cognitive …