Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the cumulative effects of multiple human
pressures. Cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) are needed to inform environmental …

Rapid anthropogenic climate change is a major threat to ocean biodiversity, increasing the
challenge for marine conservation. Strategic conservation planning, and more recently …

Evidence-based decision making is an essential process for sustainable, effective, and
efficient marine spatial planning (MSP). In that sense, decision support tools (DSTs) could …

Sustainable development is the framing concept assuring that resources are exploited while
maintaining the ability of these natural resources to provide for future generations. With …

Marine ecosystems evolve under many interconnected and area‐specific pressures. To fulfil
society's intensifying and diversifying needs while ensuring ecologically sustainable …

The marine ecosystem is known to be influenced by a combination of physical, chemical,
and biological components, which has a direct influence on the integrity of species and …

Pressure on marine areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) has increased significantly in
recent decades, prompting the international community to begin formal negotiations for a …

Marine aquaculture is the most promising industry for ensuring future provision of seafood.
Yet, the worldwide growth and expansion of this industry have been slower than expected …

Marine spatial planning (MSP) has rapidly become the most widely used integrated, place-
based management approach in the marine environment. Monitoring and evaluation of MSP …

This guide on performance monitoring and evaluation (evaluation) is intended for
practitioners responsible for planning and managing marine areas. Practitioners are the …