Background The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad
pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose …

In order to ensure normal body function, the human body is dependent on a tight control of
its blood glucose levels. This is accomplished by a highly sophisticated network of various …

Glucose levels in blood must be constantly maintained within a tight physiological range to
sustain anabolism. Insulin regulates glucose homeostasis via its effects on glucose …

The preproglucagon gene (Gcg) is expressed by specific enteroendocrine cells (L-cells) of
the intestinal mucosa, pancreatic islet α-cells, and a discrete set of neurons within the …

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) communicates nutrient intake from the
gut to islets, enabling optimal levels of insulin secretion via the GIP receptor (GIPR) on β …

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino acid peptide hormone produced in the
intestinal epithelial endocrine L-cells by differential processing of proglucagon, the gene …

Incretins are gut hormones that are secreted from enteroendocrine cells into the blood within
minutes after eating. One of their many physiological roles is to regulate the amount of …

The “second messenger” archetype cAMP is one of the most important cellular signalling
molecules with central functions including the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion …

Textbook of Diabetes Classic textbook providing diabetologists and endocrinologists with
illustrated and clinically focused content on diabetes Now in its sixth edition, the Textbook of …

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