Extensive studies have been conducted on seawater sea-sand concrete (SSSC) in recent
years due to the shortage of freshwater and river-sand in many coastal areas. This paper …

This paper presents a critical review of existing studies on the effects of using sea-sand
and/or seawater as raw materials of concrete on the properties of the resulting concrete …

This study investigates the fresh and hardened state properties of cement-sand mortar
comprising manufactured sand and offshore sand as alternatives for a complete …

The freshwater consumption in concrete production has been notably increased, owing to
the worldwide demand from the construction sector for the industrial and urban …

Due to the shortage of fresh water and river sand, many countries use seawater and sea
sand as substitutes for concrete pouring to promote the sustainable development of the …

The process of depletion of sources of natural aggregates challenges the production of
technically and environmentally adequate concrete. Alternative material from marine …

River sand (RS) has been overly exploited to meet demand in the construction industry,
particularly in China. Chloride salt in dredged marine sand (DMS) is the primary concern …

The combination of the new steel-FRP composite bar (SFCB) and natural seawater and sea-
sand concrete (SWSSC) has good prospects to be applied in development along the ocean …

Reinforcing bars embedded in concrete structures are corroded, for example, by the
ingression of chlorides from sea sand and deicing materials. Such corrosion induces interior …

The coastal engineering of land reclamation is increasingly important for space retention
and creation in the context of sea-level rise and limited land area in coastal regions …