Some transition metals, like manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc, required for
the biosynthesis of metalloenzymes and metalloproteins, are essential micronutrients for the …

Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, which could be the result of
allergy, physical trauma, or invasion by pathogens as Streptococcus uberis. This pathogen …

ABSTRACT The Lmb protein of Streptococcus agalactiae is described as an adhesin that
binds laminin, a component of the human extracellular matrix. In this study, we revealed a …

Nutritional immunity is an elegant host mechanism used to starve invading pathogens of
necessary nutrient metals. Calprotectin, a metal-binding protein, is produced abundantly by …

Bacteria growing within biofilms are protected from antibiotics and the immune system.
Within these structures, horizontal transfer of genes encoding virulence factors, and …

Trace metals such as Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu are essential for various biological functions
including proper innate immune function. The host immune system has complicated and …

Colonization by pathogenic bacteria depends on their ability to overcome host nutritional
defenses and acquire nutrients. The human pathogen group A streptococcus (GAS) …

Streptococcus pneumoniae scavenges essential zinc ions from the host during colonization
and infection. This is achieved by the ATP-binding cassette transporter, AdcCB, and two …

Trace metals are essential to all domains of life but toxic when found at high concentrations.
Although the importance of iron in host–pathogen interactions is firmly established …

Streptococcus suis is an recognized zoonotic pathogen of swine and severely threatens
human health. Zinc is the second most abundant transition metal in biological systems …