Environmental factors such as maternal smoking can significantly modulate genetically
programmed brain development during foetal life. This review looks at how prenatal …

Background: An emerging literature suggests that environmental chemicals may play a role
in the development of childhood obesity and metabolic disorders, especially when exposure …

Context Prenatal smoking exposure modulates brain development, which may deviate
mental development of the offspring. Objective To study the effects of prenatal smoking …

Background Despite considerable global efforts to reduce growth faltering in early
childhood, rates of stunting remain high in many regions of the world. Current interventions …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and
both brain volumes and head circumference in very-low-birth-weight/very-low-gestational …

Page 1 Social Work Perspectives on HumanBehaviour Second Edition Margarete Parrish Page
2 Social Work Perspectives on Human Behaviour Page 3 Page 4 Social Work Perspectives …

Objective. To identify maternal and early childhood risk factors for obesity and overweight
among children at age 5 in the state of Alabama. Methods. We recruited 740 mothers during …

BACKGROUND: Tobacco use in pregnancy is considered a human developmental toxicant
and potential teratogen. The aim of the study was to test for a possible association between …

Background Despite being associated with lower birth weight, maternal smoking in the last 2
trimesters of pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of offspring overweight in …

Background There is strong evidence of an association between maternal smoking during
pregnancy and restriction of intrauterine growth, but the effects of this exposure on postnatal …