This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and brain
imaging studies in humans and animals that have provided insights into the neural circuitry …

The urothelium, which lines the inner surface of the renal pelvis, the ureters, and the urinary
bladder, not only forms a high-resistance barrier to ion, solute and water flux, and …

Micturition, or urination, occurs involuntarily in infants and young children until the age of 3
to 5 years, after which it is regulated voluntarily. The neural circuitry that controls this process …

The detrusor smooth muscle is the main muscle component of the urinary bladder wall. Its
ability to contract over a large length interval and to relax determines the bladder function …

The urothelium, which lines the renal pelvis, ureters, urinary bladder, and proximal urethra,
forms a high-resistance but adaptable barrier that surveils its mechanochemical …

The uroepithelium sits at the interface between the urinary space and underlying tissues,
where it forms a high-resistance barrier to ion, solute, and water flux, as well as pathogens …

Introduction The normal bladder functions, storage and elimination of urine, are based on a
coordinated interplay of reciprocal contraction and relaxation of the bladder and the outflow …

The lower urinary tract constitutes a functional unit controlled by a complex interplay
between the central and peripheral nervous systems and local regulatory factors. In the …

From time to time we publish a full review of drugs that are available for the treatment of
common conditions. In this issue, the review is written by two of the leading authorities in the …

For many years, antimuscarinic drugs have been the first-line pharmacological treatment for
urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence, all symptoms of the disorder termed overactive …