Exercising in the heat induces thermoregulatory and other physiological strain that can lead
to impairments in endurance exercise capacity. The purpose of this consensus statement is …

Background Extreme heat events are increasing in frequency, severity, and duration. It is
well known that heat stress can have a negative impact on occupational health and …

Objective To present best-practice recommendations for the prevention, recognition, and
treatment of exertional heat illnesses (EHIs) and to describe the relevant physiology of …

We estimate the impacts of temperature on time allocation by exploiting plausibly
exogenous variation in temperature over time within counties. Temperature increases at the …

Despite extensive use over 40 years, physical activity questionnaires still show limited
reliability and validity. Measurements have value in indicating conditions where an increase …

Objective: To present recommendations to optimize the fluid-replacement practices of
athletes. Background: Dehydration can compromise athletic performance and increase the …

Background Although the acquisition of heat acclimation (HA) is well-documented, less is
known about HA decay (HAD) and heat re-acclimation (HRA). The available literature …

This document presents the recommendations developed by the IOC Medical and Scientific
Commission and several international federations (IF) on the protection of athletes …

In this overview, human morphological and functional adaptations during naturally and
artificially induced heat adaptation are explored. Through discussions of adaptation theory …

Objective: To present recommendations for the prevention and screening, recognition, and
treatment of the most common conditions resulting in sudden death in organized sports …