Background: Although the hospital is known as a safe place for treating patients, due to
various reasons, it is prone to several internal hazards, including fire. This study aimed to …

This chapter provides the engineer with a model to quantify egress performance. This model
is formed from a set of numerical tools that vary in their scope and sophistication. Guidance …

In a healthcare context, the success of a fire safety procedure in a real-life emergency mainly
depends on staff decisions and actions. One of the factors influencing staff decision-making …

This chapter is an updated version of the previous chapter “Evacuation Timing” that
appeared in the fourth edition of the SFPE Handbook. This new version of the chapter …

Evacuation models, including engineering hand calculations and computational tools, are
used to calculate the time it takes to evacuate a building, which can then be used in an …

Understanding validity of user behaviour in Virtual Environments (VEs) is critical as they are
increasingly being used for serious Health and Safety applications such as predicting …

In emergency system design, evacuating people from dangerous buildings has always been
a significant yet challenging undertaking. This paper combines evacuation demand analysis …

Human behavior in fire is at the core of all life safety projects completed by fire safety or fire
protection engineers. A better understanding of how people respond to building …

Performance-based design (PBD) has been playing an important function in fire safety of
buildings, and how to accurately simulate occupants' behavior gains attention from fire …

This article explores how egress drills—specifically those related to fire incidents—are
currently used, their impact on safety levels, and the insights gained from them. It is …