Early disruptions to neurodevelopment are highly relevant to understanding both psychiatric
risk and underlying pathophysiology that can be targeted by new treatments. Much …

In the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in understanding the biology of
microglia–ie the fascinating immigrated resident immune cell population of the central …

Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia. Its increased prevalence in
developed countries, due to the sharp rise in ageing populations, presents one of the …

The increasing life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of age-related
neurodegenerative conditions. Within this framework, neuroinflammation emerges as a …

Sex differences are present in brain morphology, sex hormones, aging processes and
immune responses. These differences need to be considered for proper modelling of …

Significance: Production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is part of the
defense system that mostly microglia and macrophages display to induce normal signaling …

Microglial activation and microglia‐mediated inflammation play an important role in the
occurrence, development, and outcome of stroke. Brain injury induces the activation and …

Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system that selectively emerge in
embryonic cortical proliferative zones and regulate neurogenesis by altering molecular and …

Stem cell-derived organoid technology is a powerful tool that revolutionizes the field of
biomedical research and extends the scope of our understanding of human biology and …

Our review suggests that most autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk factors are connected,
either directly or indirectly, to immunoexcitotoxicity. Chronic brain inflammation is known to …