In fish, the intestine is fundamental for digestion, nutrient absorption, and other functions like
osmoregulation, acid-base balance, and excretion of some metabolic products. These …

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a typical perfluoroalkyl group compound, has received
worldwide attention due to its significant environmental toxicity. Following regulatory bans …

Simple Summary Dietary vitamin supplementation is frequently mentioned as an alternative
therapy for people with autism but is still controversial due to a lack of studies. The current …

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous, oxidative subcellular organelles with important functions in
cellular lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis. Loss of peroxisomal functions causes …

Fish suffer from starvation due to environmental risks such as extreme weather in the wild
and due to insufficient feedings in farms. Nutrient problems from short-term or long-term …

Abstract Background Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen, DS) and Panax notoginseng (Sanqi, SQ)
are famous traditional Chinese herbs, and their herbal pair (DS–SQ) has been popular used …

Background Mammary gland development is a critical process in mammals, crucial for their
reproductive success and offspring nourishment. However, the functional roles of key …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Trichosanthis pericarpium (TP; Gualoupi, pericarps of
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to …

Euphorbiae pekinensis Radix (EP) is effective in treating various diseases, but it's toxicity is
a major obstacle in use in clinical. Although EP was processed with vinegar to reduce it's …

The toxin hemolysin A was first identified in uropathogenic E. coli strains and shown to be
secreted in a one-step mechanism by a dedicated secretion machinery. This machinery …