Over the last 10 years or so, infections caused by bacteria belonging to a particular branch
of the genus Francisella have become increasingly recognised in farmed fish and molluscs …

Francisella tularensis has been recognized as the causative agent of tularaemia for almost a
century. Since its discovery in 1911, it has been shown to infect a wide range of hosts …

Background Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and holarctica are pathogenic to
humans, whereas the two other subspecies, novicida and mediasiatica, rarely cause …

Tularemia is a geographically widespread, severely debilitating, and occasionally lethal
disease in humans. It is caused by infection by a gram-negative bacterium, Francisella …

Background Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent human pathogen. The most virulent
strains belong to subspecies tularensis and these strains cause a sometimes fatal disease …

Francisella tularensis is one of the most pathogenic pathogens known, especially when
disseminated as a small particle aerosol. Because of this, it was developed into a biological …

Two key routes of Francisella tularensis infection are through the skin and airway. We
wished to understand how the route of inoculation influenced the primary acute adaptive …

Francisella tularensis, a highly virulent facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative
agent of tularemia. Genome sequencing of all F. tularensis subspecies revealed the …

A robust, rapid and flexible real-time PCR assay for hierarchical genetic typing of clinical
and environmental isolates of Francisella is presented. Typing markers were found by …

ABSTRACT A disadvantage of several old vaccines is that the genetic events resulting in the
attenuation are often largely unknown and reversion to virulence cannot be excluded. In the …