Background: Plastics have conveyed great benefits to humanity and made possible some of
the most significant advances of modern civilization in fields as diverse as medicine …

Microplastics, the microscopic plastics, are fragments of any type of plastic that are being
produced today as plastic waste originating from anthropogenic activities. Such …

Plastics are fossil fuel-derived products. The emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) during
different processes involved in the lifecycle of plastic-related products are a significant threat …

There have been numerous studies that have identified the presence of low-density
microplastics (MPs) in the water column and sediments. The focus of current MPs research …

Microplastics (size of plastic debris< 5 mm) occur in various environments worldwide these
days and cause detrimental effects on biota. However, the behavioral responses of fish to …

Society has become increasingly reliant on plastics since commercial production began in
about 1950. Their versatility, stability, light weight, and low production costs have fueled …

Plastics become rapidly colonized by microbes when released into marine environments.
This microbial community—the Plastisphere—has recently sparked a multitude of scientific …

We described in 2017 how weathering plastic litter in the marine environment fulfils two of
three criteria to impose a planetary boundary threat related to “chemical pollution and the …

The rapid development of plastic industrials has created a variety of plastic products,
causing revolutionary progress in chemistry, physics, biology, and medicine. Large-scale …

Marine plastic debris floating on the ocean surface is a major environmental problem.
However, its distribution in the ocean is poorly mapped, and most of the plastic waste …