Europe presents a high number of venomous and poisonous animals able to elicit medically
relevant symptoms in humans. However, since most of the accidents involving venomous or …

This review attempts to show the bone community that there are many ways of being a
'bone', and that the range of mechanical properties of bone material is much greater than is …

Much of the research on venoms has understandably focused on clinical implications of
human envenomation and detailed molecular studies of toxins. However, as with any …

Venomous animals have toxins associated with delivery mechanisms that can introduce the
toxins into another animal [1]. Although most amphibian species produce or sequester …

Amphibians of North Africa is a comprehensive compilation of available data on the
amphibians and reptiles found in various ecosystems across North West Africa and parts of …

The Common toad Bufo bufo sensu lato is a widespread, morphologically conserved taxon.
Recent studies have uncovered deep genetic differentiation between population groups …

Salamanders have evolved a wide variety of antipredator mechanisms and behavior
patterns, including toxins and noxious or adhesive skin secretions. The high bonding …

Salamanders have developed a wide variety of antipredator mechanisms, including tail
autotomy, colour patterns, and noxious skin secretions. As an addition to these tactics, the …

Numerous prey traits are the result of the pervasive evolutionary pressure imposed by
predators. Mirroring their fundamental role in the fitness of prey, some antipredator defences …

Caecilians (order Gymnophiona) are apodan, snake-like amphibians, usually with fossorial
habits, constituting one of the most unknown groups of terrestrial vertebrates. As in orders …