Cytogenetic biomarkers have long been applied in surveillance of human genotoxic
exposure and early effects of genotoxic carcinogens. Due to their wide use, it has been …

A large number of studies have reported associations between polymorphisms of xenobiotic-
metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) and various cancers. However, the carcinogenic exposures …

Background N-acetyltransferases (NAT) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) are involved
in the metabolism of several ubiquitous chemical substances leading to the activation and …

Abstract Carcinogenicity of 1, 3-butadiene (BD) has been linked to its metabolic activation of
genotoxic epoxides. The inherited variations in the activity of BD-metabolizing enzymes may …

1, 3-Butadiene's (BD's) major electrophilic metabolites 1, 2-epoxy-3-butene (EB), 1, 2-
dihydroxy-3, 4-epoxybutane (EBD), and 1, 2, 3, 4-diepoxybutane (DEB) are responsible for …

Genetic polymorphisms that affect xenobiotic metabolism or cellular response to DNA
damage can modulate individual sensitivity to genotoxins. Information on the effects of such …

Abstract The modulation of 1, 3‐butadiene (BD)‐induced DNA adducts by occupational
exposure, glutathione S‐transferase (GST) genotypes, single‐strand breaks, and …

Styrene is one of the most important organic chemicals in use today. The highest human
exposures to styrene take place by inhalation during the production of fibreglass-reinforced …

Abstract Glutathione S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) are polymorphically
expressed in humans; about 47% and 13% of Finns lack the GSTM1 and GSTT1 activity due …

Cytogenetic tests—chromosome aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and
micronuclei (MN)—are most often applied in biomonitoring of the genotoxicity of potentially …