The Andes are the world's most biodiverse mountain chain, encompassing a complex array
of ecosystems from tropical rainforests to alpine habitats. We provide a synthesis of Andean …

The exceptional levels of biodiversity found today in the American tropics are the outcome of
tens of millions of years of evolution, shaped by the tumultuous geological history of the …

Mountains are arguably Earth's most striking features. They play a major role in determining
global and regional climates, are the source of most rivers, act as cradles, barriers and …

The remarkably diverse plant communities of the Neotropics are the result of diversification
driven by multiple biotic (for example, speciation, extinction and dispersal) and abiotic (for …

Worldwide, the invasiveness of Opuntia spp. and its impact on various ecosystem services
has been recognised especially in semi-arid areas where rainfall is erratic. The semi-arid …

Motivation In order to understand how species evolutionarily responded to Plio‐Pleistocene
climate oscillations (eg in terms of speciation, extinction, migration and adaptation), it is first …

Aim The interconnectedness and biotic interchange among Neotropical biomes are thought
to play an important role in driving adaptation and diversification. However, how these …

Abstract Background and Aims Cactaceae are succulent plants, quasi-endemic to the
American continent, and one of the most endangered plant groups in the world. Molecular …

Aim Understanding how past geological and climatic events could have generated
intraspecific genetic variation at different temporal and spatial scales in the Neotropics …

Understanding how life history shapes genetic diversity is a fundamental issue in
evolutionary biology, with important consequences for conservation. However, we still have …