Na-Diffusion Enhanced p-type Conductivity in Cu(In,Ga)Se2: A New Mechanism for Efficient Doping in Semiconductors.

ZK Yuan, S Chen, Y Xie, JS Park… - Advanced Energy …, 2016 - search.ebscohost.com
A new mechanism responsible for the hole concentration increase in the CIGS thin films
after Na doping is proposed. At high temperature, a high concentration of Na is doped into …

Sodium Effects on the Diffusion, Phase, and Defect Characteristics of Kesterite Solar Cells and Flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 with Greater than 11% Efficiency

KJ Yang, S Kim, SY Kim, DH Son, J Lee… - Advanced Functional …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Improving the efficiency of kesterite (Cu2ZnSn (S, Se) 4; CZTSSe) solar cells requires
understanding the effects of Na doping. This paper investigates these effects by applying a …

Effect of post annealing thermal heating on Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells processed by sputtering technique

MF Sanchez, TG Sanchez, M Courel, O Reyes-Vallejo… - Solar Energy, 2022 - Elsevier
In this work, a detailed study of the effect of thermal treatment (hot plate) on a
Mo/CZTS/CdS/i-ZnO/ITO solar cell was carried out, which promotes the diffusion of the Cd …

Kesterite compound semiconductors for thin film solar cells

C Platzer-Björkman - Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 2017 - Elsevier
Thin film solar cells based on Cu 2 ZnSn (S, Se) 4,“CZTS”, are attractive by combining high
light absorption and high abundance of constituent elements. The efficiency of CZTS solar …

Sodium induced grain growth, defect passivation and enhancement in the photovoltaic properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cell

OP Singh, KS Gour, R Parmar, VN Singh - Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2016 - Elsevier
Sodium diffusion from soda lime glass (SLG) during high temperature annealing is known to
play a crucial role in affecting the grain growth and defect passivation in chalocogenide …

Strong interplay between sodium and oxygen in kesterite absorbers: complex formation, incorporation, and tailoring depth distributions

S Grini, KV Sopiha, N Ross, X Liu… - Advanced Energy …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Sodium and oxygen are prevalent impurities in kesterite solar cells. Both elements are
known to strongly impact performance of the kesterite devices and can be connected to …

C ZTS e solar cells developed on polymer substrates: Effects of low‐temperature processing

I Becerril‐Romero, L Acebo, F Oliva… - Progress in …, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Cu2ZnSn (S1− xSex) 4 solar cells are well suited for roll‐to‐roll mass production
since they are formed mainly by non‐toxic and earth‐abundant elements. Polyimide (PI) has …

Defect Synergistic Regulations of Li&Na Co‐Doped Flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Solar Cells Achieving over 10% Certified Efficiency

Q Sun, C Shi, W Xie, Y Li, C Zhang, J Wu… - Advanced …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
Ion doping is an effective strategy for achieving high‐performance flexible Cu2ZnSn (S, Se)
4 (CZTSSe) solar cells by defect regulations. Here, a Li&Na co‐doped strategy is applied to …

An investigation of Na-related defects in Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4

M Han, X Zhang, Z Zeng - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2017 - pubs.rsc.org
Using hybrid density functional theory, here, we have investigated the electronic, defect and
migration properties of Na-related defects in the earth-abundant solar cell absorber material …

Inkjet-printed CZTSSe absorbers and influence of sodium on device performance

X Lin, VE Madhavan, J Kavalakkatt, V Hinrichs… - Solar Energy Materials …, 2018 - Elsevier
Inkjet printing is a promising route for thin film deposition due to its low material wastage and
potential of high throughput production. In this work, the inkjet printing technique is used for …