Chronic liver diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or viral hepatitis are
characterized by persistent inflammation and subsequent liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis critically …

For decades, immunologists have studied the role of circulating immune cells in host
protection, with a more recent appreciation of immune cells resident within the tissue …

Fibrosis can affect any organ and is responsible for up to 45% of all deaths in the
industrialized world. It has long been thought to be relentlessly progressive and irreversible …

Myofibroblasts are the construction workers of wound healing and repair damaged tissues
by producing and organizing collagen/extracellular matrix (ECM) into scar tissue. Scar tissue …

Fibrosis, or tissue scarring, develops as a pathological deviation from the physiological
wound healing response and can occur in various organs such as the heart, lung, liver …

Type 2 immunity is characterized by the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, and this
immune response is commonly observed in tissues during allergic inflammation or infection …

Tissue repair after injury is a complex, metabolically demanding process. Depending on the
tissue's regenerative capacity and the quality of the inflammatory response, the outcome is …

Type 2 immunity mediates protective responses to helminths and pathological responses to
allergens, but it also has broad roles in the maintenance of tissue integrity, including wound …

In recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in how fibroblasts initiate, sustain,
and resolve inflammation across disease states. Fibroblasts contain heterogeneous subsets …

Ductular reaction (DR) is characterized by the proliferation of reactive bile ducts induced by
liver injuries. DR is pathologically recognized as bile duct hyperplasia and is commonly …