Since its initial isolation in Uganda in 1937 through the present, West Nile virus (WNV) has
become an important cause of human and animal disease worldwide. WNV, an enveloped …

While some sceptics remain unconvinced that global climate change is a reality, there is no
doubt that during the past 50 years or so, patterns of emerging arbovirus diseases have …

In the last 30 years several cases of West Nile (WN) virus infection were reported in horses
and humans in Europe and in the Mediterranean Basin. Most of them were determined by …

West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus in the Japanese encephalitis antigenic
group, has caused sporadic outbreaks in humans, horses and birds throughout many of the …

Abiotic and biotic conditions are both important determinants of West Nile Fever (WNF)
epidemiology. Ambient temperature plays an important role in the growth rates of vector …

A wide range of arthropod-borne viruses threaten both human and animal health either
through their presence in Europe or through risk of introduction. Prominent among these is …

To identify the mosquito species able to sustain the transmission of West Nile Virus (WNV) in
the Camargue region (the main WNV focus of southern France), we assessed the vector …

It is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates endemically in Portugal. Despite the
country's adequate climate for transmission, Portugal has only reported four human WNV …

West Nile virus infection is a growing concern in Europe. Vector management is often the
primary option to prevent and control outbreaks of the disease. Its implementation is …

Abstract Changes in environmental conditions, whether related or not to human activities,
are continuously modifying the geographic distribution of vectors, which in turn affects the …